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埃尔纳内斯:并非所有手球或者手臂触球都是点球,规则需要改(埃尔纳内斯:手或臂触球不等于点球,判罚规则需要更新)

进攻端处理

Examining handball rules changes

The recent rule modifications indicate that an accidental handball before a goal isn't automatically an offense unless the scorer handles the ball. I remember in 2021, this was confirmed: goals scored after a teammate's accidental handball aren’t penalized unless the scorer is involved directly. However, if an accidental handball creates a goal-scoring opportunity, it remains relevant. I think improvements are needed, like clarifying the "unnatural" stance and setting clearer thresholds for VAR.Proposing guideline adjustments

I’m considering proposing a "t-shirt line" for handball rules around the shoulder boundary. I think some key points are: weighing "distance/time to react," defining an offense as an "arm above shoulder level," and accounting for "support arm" exceptions. Additionally, I feel a deflected ball from one's own body shouldn't be penalized unless the arm noticeably expands the body's silhouette. I might also need to clarify that not all arm touches result in penalties according to current rules. Would you like a translation or a quick summary of Hernanes' perspective on this?Key Points on Handball Offenses

I’m working on summarizing the current handball rules (IFAB's Law 12). It states that not every hand/arm touch constitutes a foul; rules typically apply to deliberate handball or if the arm makes the body "unnaturally bigger." Since 2021, a teammate’s accidental handball leading to a goal isn't automatically penalized unless the goal-scorer commits the handball.

I have suggestions for improvement, such as clarifying angles for probable fouls and setting clear reaction time metrics. Would you like a translation, a news background, or an interpretation of specific cases?

同意“不是谁碰到手/臂就是点球”。按现行IFAB竞赛规则第12条,很多手/臂触球并不构成犯规,只有满足特定条件才判手球。

要点(现行原则)

  • 非所有手/臂触球=犯规;通常需满足:故意触球;手/臂使身体“非自然扩大”;手/臂高于肩线并触球;进球者本人立即的意外手球。
  • 通常不判:极近距离/无反应时间的折射;支撑手支地时被击中;手臂贴身或自然摆动;从自身身体反弹至手臂且未扩大防守面。
  • 2021起:队友的意外手球导致进球,不再一律判;仅“进球者本人”的意外手球直接得分才取消进球。

痛点

  • “非自然扩大”界定主观;慢动作放大“故意”;VAR介入频繁、尺度不一。

可行改进

  1. 角度阈值更客观:手臂高于肩线或离身角>90°=高概率犯规;<45°且贴身=倾向不犯。
  2. 强化反应时间:距击球点<1.5m或飞行<0.2s默认不犯,除非手臂主动趋向球。
  3. 明确并扩展“支撑手/保护动作”豁免至滑铲、封堵中的自然防护。
  4. 统一进攻端处理:仅进球者本人手球取消进球;他人意外手球不再追溯。
  5. ![ns](/assets/images/9141C2DC.png)
  6. VAR只在“清晰且明显”满足客观标准时介入;灰区尊重主裁第一印象。
  7. ![izi](/assets/images/3AB3BBCA.jpg)
  8. 建公开判例库与年度教学视频,减少理解偏差。
  9. ![tim](/assets/images/EFBC86A7.png)

场上快速判定模板

  • 手臂位置:肩线以上/显著离身→倾向判;贴身/自然摆动→倾向不判
  • 距离/时间:极近距离或折射→倾向不判
  • 动作意图:手臂主动趋向球→判
  • 姿态功能:支撑/保护动作→不判
  • 进球者本人是否手球并直接得分→是则取消

需要我补充:最新赛季的具体文本变更、典型判例视频解读,或把这段整理成中文/英文短评?